WEB TUTORIAL - Group Theory
H2O Worked ExampleApplying the Reduction FormulaNumber of symmetry elements, h = 4
C2v E C2 (z) v(xz) v(yz) Linear functions,
rotationsQuadratic
functionsCubic
functionsA1 +1 +1 +1 +1 z x2, y2, z2 z3, x2z, y2z A2 +1 +1 -1 -1 Rz xy xyz B1 +1 -1 +1 -1 x, Ry xz xz2, x3, xy2 B2 +1 -1 -1 +1 y, Rx yz yz2, y3, x2y Now we have all of the required parts, we simply put them together into the Reduction Formula one row at a time.
It is worth doing this on a piece of paper rather than in your head before checking your answers!